專升本英語中容易混淆的動(dòng)詞講解

      1. rise，raise，arise，arouse
    “rise” 是不及物動(dòng)詞，過去式為rose，過去分詞為risen，其基本詞義“上升，上漲”。
    The sun rises in the east.
    A good idea rose in my mind. “raise” 是及物規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，“舉起，提高”。
    He raised his voice to make himself heard.
    The boy can raise the heavy stone.
    “arise”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，過去式為arose，過去分詞arisen，其語義為“出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生” 。
    His curiosity arose due to the question his mother asked.
    “arouse”是及物動(dòng)詞，過去式和過去分詞為aroused，其語義為“喚醒，引起”
    arouse somebody from sleep 把某人喚醒
    arouse suspicion 引起懷疑
    2. lay，lie，lie
    “lay”及物動(dòng)詞，“放置，生蛋”，過去式與過去分詞為 “laid”
    I've laid the book on the self.
    The hen lays an egg every day.
    “lie”不及物動(dòng)詞“位于，平躺”，過去式為“lay”過去分詞 “lain”
    He lay on the floor and slept soundly.
    Beijing lies in the north of China.
    “lie”及物動(dòng)詞“說謊”，它是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。
    He lied to his teacher.
專升本英語容易混淆的動(dòng)詞
    3. sit，seat
    “sit”不及物動(dòng)詞，過去式與過去分詞均為 “sat”。
    He sat in the classroom reading newspaper.
    “seat”及物動(dòng)詞，“使就坐”“容納”。
    He seats himself here.
    He is seated there.
    He seats the baby on his knees.
    The hall will seat 5000 people.
    4. affect，effect
    “affect” 及物動(dòng)詞，“對(duì)……有影響，感動(dòng)，觸及”
    The relations between then will be affected.
    “effect” 及物動(dòng)詞， “導(dǎo)致，造成，帶來（變化），產(chǎn)生”
    The changes in methods effected some improvement in his study.
    5. hang (hanged, hanged) / (hung, hung)
    當(dāng) hang過去式與過去分詞為 “hanged”，其含義是“絞死”；而當(dāng)hang的過去式與過去分詞為“hung”時(shí)，其含義是“懸掛”。
    The man was hanged for murder.
    He hung his coat on the hook.
    6. borrow，lend
    “borrow”借入 “borrow sth. from ...”
    “lend”(lent, lent) 借出 “lend sb. sth” 或 “lend sth. to sb.”
    7. take，bring，fetch
    “take”(took, taken) 及物動(dòng)詞“拿走”
    “bring”(brought, brought) 及物動(dòng)詞“帶來”
    “fetch” 及物動(dòng)詞“去取回來”