遼寧專(zhuān)升本考試寫(xiě)作技巧及英語(yǔ)作文范文

第一節(jié) 考情分析

短文寫(xiě)作主要測(cè)試考生英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)思想的能力。要求考生在 30 分鐘 之內(nèi)寫(xiě)出一篇短文，字?jǐn)?shù)要求通常在 120-180 個(gè)詞。語(yǔ)言表達(dá)要求連 貫，內(nèi)容切題，無(wú)重大語(yǔ)言表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤。通過(guò)對(duì) 2012-2018 年專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)真題中寫(xiě)作部分的分析和總結(jié)，可以 得出如下結(jié)論：1.從題材來(lái)看，近幾年以來(lái)主要以議論文為主；2.從出題方式來(lái)看，主要以提綱式作文為主；3.就文章的內(nèi)容和要求來(lái)看，主要考查考生對(duì)某一問(wèn)題的分析、闡述 以及對(duì)不同觀點(diǎn)的分析評(píng)論。

第二節(jié) 布局謀篇

一篇優(yōu)秀的作文，必須要有一個(gè)好的框架。部分省份專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作最常考查的是議論文，之前還考過(guò)應(yīng)用文，無(wú)論是議論文還是應(yīng)用文，都會(huì)給出提綱，這樣寫(xiě)作的要點(diǎn)基本就確定了，我們要做的第一步就是 圍繞要點(diǎn)設(shè)定寫(xiě)作框架，然后再填充內(nèi)容，將要點(diǎn)進(jìn)一步細(xì)化。

（一）、議論文寫(xiě)作

議論文寫(xiě)作是專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)考試考查的重點(diǎn)。

【模擬演練】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay with the title Starting up Businesses after Graduation. You are required to write at least 120 words, following the outline given below:

1. 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)越來(lái)越普通；

2. 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的利弊；

3. 我的看法。

對(duì)于此類(lèi)議論文寫(xiě)作，其段落的設(shè)置可以按照大綱的順序：

第一段：對(duì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行介紹

第二段：討論這一現(xiàn)象的利弊

第三段：說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn) 每一段的內(nèi)容需要考生自己填充，具體方法下文會(huì)進(jìn)行介紹。

在往年專(zhuān)升本英語(yǔ)考試中，考過(guò)的議論文寫(xiě)作大概可分為三類(lèi)：利弊 型、問(wèn)題對(duì)策型、現(xiàn)象闡釋型，其中前兩種是近幾年?？嫉?，需要更 加重視。接下來(lái)分別講解這幾類(lèi)議論文的寫(xiě)作技巧。

（二）寫(xiě)作的基本步驟

1.審：“審”即審題。審題時(shí)一定要做到全面。全面的審題包括五個(gè) 方面：審文體，審人稱(chēng)，審格式，審時(shí)態(tài)，審要點(diǎn)。

2.列：“列”即列要點(diǎn)。表達(dá)出全部要點(diǎn)是得高分的基本保證，漏掉 要點(diǎn)得分檔次就會(huì)降低。因此，要列出所有需要表達(dá)的要點(diǎn)，做好寫(xiě) 作的準(zhǔn)備。

3.造：“造”即造句。列出全部要點(diǎn)之后，把要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)充成完整的句子。造句時(shí)要結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)等，準(zhǔn)確選詞，選擇運(yùn)用所學(xué)的句型句式， 準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)各個(gè)要點(diǎn)。這一步驟的要求是：詞匯要高級(jí)，句式要多變。

4.連：“連”即連句成段。靈活、巧妙而恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用銜接過(guò)渡詞，利 用好“啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”四種方法使文章自然流暢。還可以適當(dāng)添加 細(xì)節(jié)，使文章的內(nèi)容更加完善、全面。

5.改：“改”即修改。閱讀整篇文章，檢查文章是否包括所有要點(diǎn)， 發(fā)現(xiàn)并改正文章中的錯(cuò)誤，如單詞拼寫(xiě)、詞語(yǔ)搭配、人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ) 態(tài)、主謂一致、句式、從句的引導(dǎo)詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫(xiě)等。

6.抄：“抄”即抄寫(xiě)。經(jīng)過(guò)修改無(wú)誤之后，工整地把文章抄到答題區(qū) 域。

（三）寫(xiě)作策略

1.“五審”定調(diào)子 寫(xiě)作時(shí)，要養(yǎng)成在審題上形成一種定向思維的習(xí)慣，做到“五審”：

一審體裁。根據(jù)作文材料要求確定文章體裁。然后建立相應(yīng)體裁的行 文模式。我們常用的體裁有書(shū)信、日記、通知、發(fā)言稿、說(shuō)明文、記 敘文、議論文等。

二審人稱(chēng)。文章中人稱(chēng)選擇恰當(dāng)對(duì)表達(dá)文章的基本思想、描述事物及 情節(jié)都很有幫助。應(yīng)特別注意英文中人稱(chēng)的陰陽(yáng)是很容易被忽視的。

三審時(shí)態(tài)。招考評(píng)分中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式非常重要，一篇文章如果多處 出現(xiàn)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤，就要降等給分。所以我們?cè)趯忣}時(shí)要給文章的時(shí) 態(tài)定個(gè)位，即過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)。再把這個(gè)定為時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)，按 需要使用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。

四審要點(diǎn)。招考評(píng)卷中，作文的大塊得分集中在文章的要點(diǎn)和要點(diǎn)發(fā) 揮上，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)招考作文有 4~6 個(gè)要點(diǎn)，考生在讀題時(shí)要邊讀 邊列出要點(diǎn)并寫(xiě)出要點(diǎn)中的關(guān)鍵詞，這樣既能保證要點(diǎn)齊全又能節(jié)省 時(shí)間。

五審層次。層次分明，脈絡(luò)清晰，讓讀者一目了然。記敘文大多數(shù)以 人物活動(dòng)、時(shí)間順序或事情發(fā)展過(guò)程為線(xiàn)索；說(shuō)明文大多以時(shí)間、空 間為線(xiàn)索；議論文的寫(xiě)作一般按先總后分或先分后總的順序。

2. “潤(rùn)色”得高分 考生應(yīng)在保證文體正確、要點(diǎn)齊全、層次分明的基礎(chǔ)上，恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用一 些漂亮的句式、關(guān)聯(lián)詞、插入語(yǔ)和諺語(yǔ)等，以使文章更上檔次。

范文欣賞

模板（一） 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Keeping a Pet. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below： 

1. 養(yǎng)寵物有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

2. 寵物也會(huì)引發(fā)一些問(wèn)題。 

3. 我的態(tài)度。 

Keeping a Pet 

Nowadays, it is common to see ①_____________________________描述養(yǎng)寵物的現(xiàn)狀 

There are many advantages of keeping a pet. For one thing,②_______________________優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一 For another, ③____________________優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二 

However, keeping a pet, just like anything else, has its negative side as well. It may also give rise to some problems. For example, ④________________ 缺 點(diǎn) 之 一 Worst of all, ⑤_________________for the reason that⑥ _______________指出缺點(diǎn)之二，并說(shuō)明其中原因 

To sum up, there are more advantages than disadvantages to keeping a pet,⑦___________強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)寵物

【參考范文】 

Keeping a Pet 

Nowadays it is common to see There are many advantages of keeping a pet. For one thing，pets are good companions. This is especially important for people who live alone and for the old who do not go out much. Some pets can also help to protect the house from thieves. For another, dogs and cats like to play and can give hours of amusement to children and adults. Taking care of an animal also helps children to develop a sense of responsibility and to learn about the nature. However, keeping a pet, just like anything else, has its negative side as well. It may also give rise to some problems. For example, some pets are dirty and tend to transmit some sort of disease. Worst of all, some dogs may attack and seriously injure small children for the reason that their owners don’t train them properly or actually encourage them to be aggressive. To sum up, there are more advantages than disadvantages to keeping a pet,especially for lonely people and children. Meanwhile, it is, however, quite necessary to bear in mind thatpets should be well trained lest they attack people.

模板（二）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Working at Home. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 

1. 居家辦公有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，如：節(jié)約上班往返時(shí)間等。 

2. 居家辦公也有很多弊端，如：孤獨(dú)感、混淆生活與工作等。 

3. 我的看法。

Working at Home

Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, particularly computer and telephone technology, it has been made a reality that①______________________說(shuō)明現(xiàn)狀 Generally, people enjoy working at home for the following benefits. For one thing, ②__________________ 優(yōu) 點(diǎn) 之 一 For another,③_______________________ 優(yōu) 點(diǎn) 之 二.Most agreeable of all,④_______________________. 優(yōu)點(diǎn)之三 While working at home allows much more freedom than working in office, some problems can not be ignored. For example, ⑤________________________. 缺點(diǎn)之一Besides, ⑥____________________.缺點(diǎn)之二What’s more,⑦________________________ 缺 點(diǎn) 之 三 For all the possible problems arising from working at home, I still believe⑧________________對(duì)未 來(lái)前景的預(yù)測(cè)。 

【參考范文】

 Working at Home 

Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, particularly computer and telephone technology, it has been made a reality that some people are capable of working at home, which has brought much convenience and pleasure to them.      

Generally speaking, people enjoy working at home for the following benefits. For one thing, they not only save time by not having to travel long distance to work every day but save money on transportation and business clothes. For another, suffering less stress from their employers, they can think more clearly and be more creative in the quiet and peaceful atmosphere of their home. Most agreeable of all, they have much freedom to decide for themselves how and when to do their job, enabling them to spend more time with their family.    

While working at home allows much more freedom than working in office, some problems cannot be ignored. For example, sometimes, they cannot separate their personal life from their working life. Besides, if they work at home, it follows that they are lack of person-to-person communication with their counterpart, thus having trouble keeping pace with the ever-changing development. After all, many people still prefer to conduct business face to face. What’s more, there is evidence that people working at home are more likely to catch some mental illness as sometimes they cannot shy away from loneliness.    

For all the possible problems arising from working at home, I still believe more and more people would love to do most of their jobs at home because working at home can really provide them with much more freedom to manipulate their time.

D. 表達(dá)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的句式 

（1）For my part/in my point of view/as far as I am concerned, I think it reasonable to ... Only in this way can we ... 

（2）As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that ... It is not only because ..., but also because ... The more..., the more... （3）In my eyes, the negative aspects of ... can’t be ignored. Only when .... can we ... 

3. 參考模板 

模板（一） 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Water Shortage in China. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 

1. 缺水的現(xiàn)狀 

2. 缺水的原因 

3. 解決的辦法 

Water Shortage in China 

With the development of ___________, _____________. (問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)的背景) So it is of great importance for us to _________________. (過(guò)渡句)On the one hand, ______________.( 必 要 性 或 后 果 一 )On the other hand,___________.(必 要性二或后果二) To __________, we have figure out many ways to ______.(總說(shuō)解決問(wèn)題的方法) First,_________.(方法一) Second,_____________.(方法二) Finally,_______.(方法三) In a word,_________________.(總結(jié)上文) To sum up, _______________.(重申主題) It is high time for us to _________.(進(jìn)一步強(qiáng) 調(diào)主題) Therefore,______________.(總結(jié)全文) 

【參考范文】

 Water Shortage in China 

With the development of modern industry and the growth of population, water shortage has become a growing concern for Chinese government and people. So it is of great importance for us to get some ideas on the factors contributing to this problem. 

On the one hand, water supplies are being consumed by a growing number of heavy industries as well as the growing population. On the other hand, the well-developed root system of trees can keep the water from diffusing into the earth, but deforestation at the upper reaches of rivers has made the situations worse.    

To solve the problem, we have figured out many ways. First, we must economize the use of water resources and practice a recycling policy. Second, stricter laws and regulations should be implemented to protect the limited water resources we have.Finally, more diversion projects should also be used so as to direct the surplus water resources in the Southern China to the under-supplied regions. In a word, stronger measures should be taken to protect the water resources we have now.    

To sum up, water shortage is already serious in China these days. It is high time for us to do something to prevent it from being worse. Therefore, if everyone takes action to save water, the situation will be better to some extent.

模板（二） 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Problem of Piracy. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 

1. 盜版現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重 

2. 盜版造成的不良后果 

3. 我對(duì)抵制盜版蔓延的看法 

Problem of Piracy 

Nowadays, the problem of ①________________提出問(wèn)題 For instance,②___________ 舉例 進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性 Piracy has caused a great loss to legitimate products, inventors and writers in many ways. To start with ③______________原因一 What’s worse, pirated books④__________原因二 In the long run, ⑤___________可能給顧客帶來(lái)的不利 because⑥______________相關(guān)原 因 In my opinion, it's high time that everyone started the battle against piracy. First, ⑦__________ 解 決 措 施 之 一 Besides, ⑧_____________ 解 決 措 施 之 二 Finally, ⑨_________解決 措施之三 Only in this way, can we wipe the pirated products out of our life. 

【參考范文】

Problem of Piracy 

Nowadays, the problem of piracy has become more and more serious. Books, tapes, VCDs and other high-tech products have been pirated. For instance, when a new product comes onto market, most probably, its pirated counterpart will soon put on its appearance in the market, too. 

Piracy has caused a great loss to legitimate producers, inventors and writers in many ways. To start with, the pirated products often cost much less than the genuine ones so that they enjoy a better trading position in spite of their relatively poor quality. The genuine products, on the contrary, sell poorly. What’s worse, pirated books, sometimes, do great harm to the authors reputation due to some misprints. In the long run, pirated products may have a negative impact on customers because those legitimate producers' creativity and enthusiasm may be deeply hurt by the fact that some customers are more interested in the pirated products for the sake of small gains. 

In my opinion, it’s high time that everyone started the battle against piracy. First,customers should develop their consciousness to resist the pirated products. Besides, the government should take effective measures to put an end to piracy. Finally laws must be strictly enforced to completely ban piracy. Only in this way, can we wipe the pirated products out of our life.

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